物(wu)理(li)(li)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。物(wu)理(li)(li)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包括(kuo)抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、蓄(xu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)蓄(xu)熱(re)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、壓縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和飛(fei)輪(lun)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等幾(ji)大(da)類型。抽水蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)為*傳統的(de)物(wu)理(li)(li)蓄(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)方(fang)式(shi)，具有(you)(you)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)高(gao)(gao)、使用壽(shou)命長(chang)、自放電(dian)率(lv)低(di)、整(zheng)體效率(lv)高(gao)(gao)、存(cun)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)成(cheng)(cheng)本低(di)等優勢，對解(jie)決(jue)電(dian)力(li)系統日(ri)益突(tu)出的(de)調(diao)峰問題和保證電(dian)網電(dian)壓穩定的(de)作(zuo)用巨大(da)，但也存(cun)在(zai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)低(di)、受地理(li)(li)條件(jian)制約、投資(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)本高(gao)(gao)、回報周(zhou)期長(chang)等不足；蓄(xu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)蓄(xu)熱(re)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)水蓄(xu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)、冰(bing)蓄(xu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)、水蓄(xu)熱(re)、熔鹽(yan)蓄(xu)熱(re)等方(fang)式(shi)，同可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源分布式(shi)系統的(de)耦合應用將是(shi)其(qi)未來發展的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)方(fang)向；壓縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)兼具儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)容(rong)量(liang)大(da)、周(zhou)期長(chang)、效率(lv)高(gao)(gao)和單位(wei)投資(zi)較小等優點，被認為是(shi)目前*具發展潛力(li)的(de)大(da)規模電(dian)力(li)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)；飛(fei)輪(lun)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)具有(you)(you)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)高(gao)(gao)、高(gao)(gao)功率(lv)密度(du)、長(chang)壽(shou)命、充放電(dian)次數無(wu)限以及無(wu)污染等優勢，在(zai)電(dian)網調(diao)頻和電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)質量(liang)保障(zhang)等方(fang)面(mian)意義重(zhong)大(da)。

電(dian)化學儲(chu)能及氫儲(chu)能。電(dian)化學儲(chu)能涵蓋鋰(li)電池(chi)(chi)(chi)、鉛酸電池(chi)(chi)(chi)、鈉離子電池(chi)(chi)(chi)、全(quan)釩液流(liu)電池(chi)(chi)(chi)以及超級電容等不同類型，其(qi)中，鋰電池(chi)(chi)(chi)具有重量輕(qing)、能效高(gao)、綠色環保等優(you)勢，但存(cun)在可靠(kao)穩(wen)定(ding)性較(jiao)差、成本高(gao)等劣勢;鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)雖然性價比較高、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可靠性能(neng)(neng)好，但也有使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)相對較短、容(rong)易帶來污(wu)染等(deng)不(bu)足(zu)，較廣泛(fan)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)光伏等(deng)新能(neng)(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側配儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)和用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)側儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)項目(mu)；鈉離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量密度要大(da)于(yu)(yu)鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，但小于(yu)(yu)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，未來同鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)存在(zai)較強的(de)(de)互補關系。全釩(fan)液流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)具有規模(mo)(mo)大(da)、壽命(ming)長、成本(ben)低、效率(lv)高等(deng)優點，在(zai)光風發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站配套儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網調峰等(deng)領域應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)很(hen)普遍。超級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)具有效率(lv)高、功率(lv)大(da)、充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循(xun)環次數多(duo)等(deng)好處(chu)，不(bu)足(zu)在(zai)于(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)量密度不(bu)足(zu)、使用(yong)(yong)成本(ben)高，較多(duo)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網和建筑節能(neng)(neng)領域。氫(qing)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)發展前景廣闊，但目(mu)前仍處(chu)于(yu)(yu)探索起步階段，距離(li)實現大(da)規模(mo)(mo)產業化(hua)和商(shang)業化(hua)發展仍然有較長的(de)(de)路要走。

一(yi)、產品簡介（WBZGS8000發電機水內冷直流高壓發生器測試精準,穩定可靠）

WBZGS8000型(xing)系列大容量直流(liu)高(gao)壓發生器的設(she)計制造時(shi)專為(wei)水內冷發電機(ji)進行泄露電流(liu)和(he)直流(liu)耐壓試驗使用，設(she)計制造的指導思想是以下(xia)幾點：

1、由于大(da)型(xing)水冷發電機繞組(zu)傳導(dao)電流很大(da)，在(zai)試驗(yan)電壓(ya)下要20-200mA左右不等。如果沒(mei)有足夠容量的直(zhi)流高壓發(fa)生(sheng)器，無法升壓。

2、目(mu)前國內的直流高壓試驗器輸出電流一般都在10mA以(yi)內，輸出電流200mA的高壓發生器屬于空白(bai)。

3、直流試驗(yan)隊一般高壓電氣設備而(er)言，能(neng)發現(xian)其絕緣(yuan)的貫穿性缺陷，而(er)對電機(ji)來說，它能(neng)獨特發現(xian)它的局部(bu)絕緣(yuan)缺陷（定子線卷(juan)端(duan)部(bu)絕緣(yuan)）這是其它試驗(yan)無法替代(dai)的。

4、為能對水內冷(leng)發電機(ji)組的準確測量泄露電流，ZGS8000系列高壓發生器特別(bie)設計(ji)了各(ge)種(zhong)干擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)補償回路試驗時可完全排除雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和匯水管的(de)(de)極化電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢干擾(rao)的(de)(de)影(ying)響，真正測到試品的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。

5、ZGS8000系列直流(liu)高壓(ya)發生器采用中頻倍壓(ya)電路。率先應(ying)用*新的PWM脈寬調制技術和(he)大(da)功(gong)率IGBT器件(jian)。并根據電(dian)磁兼容性理(li)論，采用特(te)殊屏蔽、隔離(li)和接(jie)地等措施(shi)。使直流(liu)高壓發生(sheng)器實(shi)現了高品質(zhi)、便(bian)攜式并能承受額(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓放電(dian)而(er)不損壞。

二、工作原理框圖：（WBZGS8000發電機水內冷直流高(gao)壓發生器(qi)測(ce)試精準(zhun),穩定(ding)可靠）

三、主要(yao)技術指(zhi)標和參數（WBZGS8000發電機水內冷直流高壓發生器測試精(jing)準,穩定(ding)可靠）

四、使用說(shuo)明（WBZGS8000發電機水(shui)內冷直流高壓發生器測試(shi)精(jing)準(zhun),穩定可靠(kao)）

（一(yi)）儀器的面板、后板

1、中(zhong)頻及測量電(dian)纜(lan)快速聯接插(cha)座(zuo)：用于機(ji)箱與倍(bei)壓(ya)部(bu)分的(de)聯接。聯接時(shi)只需(xu)(xu)將電(dian)纜(lan)插(cha)頭上(shang)的(de)紅(hong)點對準插(cha)座(zuo)上(shang)的(de)紅(hong)點順時(shi)針方向轉動到位即可(ke)。拆卸時(shi)只需(xu)(xu)逆時(shi)針轉動電(dian)纜(lan)插(cha)頭即可(ke)。

2、電源(yuan)(yuan)輸入插座(zuo)：將隨機配置的(de)電源(yuan)(yuan)線與電源(yuan)(yuan)輸入插座(zuo)相聯(lian)。

3、電源熔絲。

4、接(jie)地端(duan)子(zi)：此(ci)接(jie)地端(duan)子(zi)與倍壓筒接(jie)地端(duan)子(zi)及(ji)試品接(jie)地聯接(jie)為一點后再與接(jie)地網相聯。

5、電源(yuan)開關：將此(ci)開關朝右邊按下，電源(yuan)接通，綠燈亮。反(fan)之(zhi)為關斷。

6、綠色燈按鈕(niu)：綠燈亮表示電源已經接(jie)通及高(gao)(gao)壓斷開。在紅(hong)燈籠(long)狀態下(xia)按下(xia)綠色按鈕(niu)，紅(hong)燈滅綠燈亮，高(gao)(gao)壓回(hui)路切斷。

7、紅(hong)(hong)色帶燈(deng)(deng)按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕：高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)接(jie)通(tong)按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)指(zhi)示燈(deng)(deng)。在綠(lv)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang)的(de)(de)狀態(tai)下(xia)，按(an)(an)(an)(an)下(xia)紅(hong)(hong)按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕后，紅(hong)(hong)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang)綠(lv)燈(deng)(deng)滅。表示高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回(hui)路接(jie)通(tong)。此(ci)(ci)時(shi)可升壓(ya)(ya)。此(ci)(ci)按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕須在電壓(ya)(ya)調節電位器回(hui)零(ling)狀態(tai)下(xia)才有效。如按(an)(an)(an)(an)下(xia)紅(hong)(hong)色按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕紅(hong)(hong)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang)綠(lv)燈(deng)(deng)仍亮(liang)，但松開(kai)按(an)(an)(an)(an)鈕紅(hong)(hong)燈(deng)(deng)滅綠(lv)燈(deng)(deng)亮(liang)，表示機內保護(hu)回(hui)路已(yi)工作(zuo)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)必須關機檢查過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)整(zheng)定是否小于滿量程的(de)(de)5%及有(you)無(wu)其它(ta)故障后，再開機。

8、9、電壓調(diao)(diao)節電位器(qi)：該電位器(qi)用粗調(diao)(diao)、細調(diao)(diao)兩只多卷電位器(qi)順時(shi)針旋轉為升壓，反之為降壓。此電位器(qi)具備控制電子零位保護功能，因此升壓前必(bi)須先(xian)回零。

10、160×160點(dian)陣顯示屏。

11、“選(xuan)擇”鍵(jian)，在(zai)綠燈亮狀態，點擊“選(xuan)擇”鍵(jian)，可以分別選(xuan)擇修改“過(guo)壓整定”項、“計時(shi)”項數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)位(wei)的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)值。點擊“選(xuan)擇”鍵(jian)后，既有光(guang)標顯示在(zai)“過(guo)壓整定”項高位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)上。連續點擊“選(xuan)擇”鍵(jian)，光(guang)標由高位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)向(xiang)低位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)位(wei)移動，并(bing)由“過(guo)壓整定”項移位(wei)到“計時(shi)”項高位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)位(wei)。

12、“設置鍵”，在綠燈按鈕亮狀態。

13、“確認/啟動”鍵(jian)

（1）修(xiu)改數值后，點擊“確認/啟動(dong)”鍵，確(que)認被(bei)修改數值。

（2）無光標顯示狀(zhuang)態。點(dian)擊“確認/啟(qi)(qi)動”鍵，啟(qi)(qi)動計時器計時。

14、泄露(lu)電流測量插(cha)孔，（外接微安表(biao)）當需要(yao)對顯(xian)示泄露(lu)電流進(jin)行比較時用。

（二）倍壓筒(tong)（圖4）

1、高(gao)壓引出接線(xian)柱                       6、接地端子(zi)/機座

2、防暈端蓋                                7、匯水管(guan)

3、倍壓筒體      ;                          8、輪子

4、5、與控(kong)制相聯(lian)接(jie)電纜插(cha)座

五、試驗接線圖（WBZGS8000發(fa)電機水內(nei)冷直流(liu)高壓發(fa)生器測試精準,穩定(ding)可靠）

電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側(ce)。對電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側(ce)而言，儲能(neng)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)終(zhong)端(duan)是能(neng)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)力的(de)生產商。由于(yu)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)電(dian)(dian)力來源(yuan)會對電(dian)(dian)網產生不(bu)(bu)同的(de)影響以及負(fu)載端(duan)的(de)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)預測性，從而導致(zhi)發電(dian)(dian)和用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)動(dong)態不(bu)(bu)匹配等問題，形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側(ce)對儲能(neng)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)場景各不(bu)(bu)相同，大(da)體可(ke)劃分(fen)為(wei)能(neng)量型需(xu)求(qiu)場景（能(neng)量時移(yi)、容量機組）、功率型需(xu)求(qiu)場景（如負(fu)荷跟蹤、系統(tong)調頻(pin)、備用(yong)(yong)容量）和能(neng)源(yuan)型/功(gong)率型需求場(chang)(chang)景（如可(ke)再生能(neng)源并網）三大類需求場(chang)(chang)景和六(liu)小類應用(yong)場(chang)(chang)景。電源側儲(chu)能(neng)對改善新(xin)能(neng)源特性、平抑發電功(gong)率波動、減(jian)少棄風棄光、提(ti)高(gao)電能(neng)質量、提(ti)升電網可(ke)靠穩定運行水平等(deng)方面具(ju)有(you)重要作用(yong)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網側(ce)。儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用主要(yao)在(zai)輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域，其應用類型(xing)從實際效(xiao)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)來看更多(duo)地(di)發揮替代(dai)效(xiao)應，一般(ban)分為緩解(jie)輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻塞、延緩輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)擴容(rong)(rong)(rong)及無功(gong)(gong)支(zhi)持等三種(zhong)類型(xing)。緩解(jie)輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻塞是指(zhi)將儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)安裝在(zai)線路(lu)(lu)上(shang)游，當線路(lu)(lu)負(fu)荷(he)超(chao)過(guo)線路(lu)(lu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)、發生(sheng)線路(lu)(lu)阻塞時，把無法輸(shu)送的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存(cun)到(dao)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)設備(bei)中，一旦線路(lu)(lu)負(fu)荷(he)小于線路(lu)(lu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)時，儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)自動向線路(lu)(lu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；延緩輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)擴容(rong)(rong)(rong)是指(zhi)通過(guo)在(zai)傳(chuan)統(tong)輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)(lu)上(shang)內加裝儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)設施，待(dai)其出現自身容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)低于負(fu)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況時，利用儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系統(tong)通過(guo)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝機(ji)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)達(da)(da)到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)；無功(gong)(gong)支(zhi)持是指(zhi)在(zai)輸(shu)配(pei)線路(lu)(lu)上(shang)通過(guo)注入或吸收無功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率而(er)達(da)(da)到(dao)調節(jie)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

用(yong)戶(hu)側(ce)。即在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)終端領域，依托(tuo)儲能(neng)配置達到(dao)優化(hua)廣大用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)需求、降低(di)(di)(di)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)：一是(shi)降低(di)(di)(di)容量(liang)(liang)費(fei)用(yong)，是(shi)指用(yong)戶(hu)通過(guo)安裝(zhuang)儲能(neng)系統，發揮其在(zai)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)低(di)(di)(di)谷時儲能(neng)、在(zai)高(gao)峰時負荷放電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，達到(dao)降低(di)(di)(di)整(zheng)體負荷和(he)減少容量(liang)(liang)費(fei)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)；二是(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)穩定(ding)性(xing)，是(shi)指用(yong)戶(hu)側(ce)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)壓不穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，依托(tuo)儲能(neng)系統達到(dao)平滑電(dian)(dian)壓、頻率波動的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)；三(san)是(shi)提(ti)高(gao)供電(dian)(dian)可靠性(xing)，是(shi)指發生停電(dian)(dian)故障時，借(jie)助儲能(neng)系統避免出現供電(dian)(dian)中(zhong)斷，確保供電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連續性(xing)和(he)不間(jian)斷性(xing)。

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