一(yi)、WBYD-200KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器概(gai)述
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)根據《試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準，在油浸(jin)式(shi)試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上而設(she)計生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣體具有良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)緣性能及優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)滅弧(hu)性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下氮(dan)氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下與油的(de)(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下是(shi)(shi)油的(de)(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)(shi)一種優于油的(de)(de)(de)(de)新一代超高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)(jue)緣介質材料。該(gai)(gai)產品(pin)技術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它(ta)是(shi)(shi)油浸(jin)式(shi)輕型(xing)試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)換代產品(pin)。該(gai)(gai)產品(pin)具有體積(ji)小(xiao)、重量(liang)輕、不受氣候變(bian)(bian)化影響、電(dian)暈(yun)小(xiao)、現場搬運無需靜止可使用，使用壽命(ming)長、免維修等特點。適用于電(dian)力系統、工(gong)礦企業、科研部門等對(dui)各(ge)種高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)、電(dian)氣元件、絕(jue)(jue)緣材料進行(xing)工(gong)頻或直(zhi)流高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣強(qiang)度(du)試驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-200KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高壓試驗變壓器采用單框芯式鐵芯結構，初級繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)繞(rao)在鐵芯上，高壓繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)在外(wai)，這種同軸布置(zhi)減(jian)少了漏(lou)磁通，因而增大了繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)間的耦合。產品的外(wai)殼為圓柱灌式容器結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力。其結構見(jian)圖1：
三、WBYD-200KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)為單(dan)相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，聯結(jie)組(zu)(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)(yong)工(gong)頻220V(10kVA以(yi)(yi)上(shang)為380V)電(dian)源接(jie)入 (為本(ben)公(gong)司(si)生產(chan)的試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)配套專用(yong)(yong)設(she)備，詳細(xi)資(zi)料請見其具(ju)體使(shi)用(yong)(yong)說明書)系(xi)列(lie)操(cao)作箱(xiang)(臺)，經操(cao)作箱(xiang)內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(50kVA以(yi)(yi)上(shang)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)附)調節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出(chu)至(zhi)YDQ試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的初級(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感(gan)應(ying)原理，在(zai)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)可(ke)獲得試驗(yan)所需的高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)工作原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列交直流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓試驗(yan)變壓器的(de)工作原理圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)3，圖(tu)(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓套管中(zhong)裝(zhuang)有高(gao)(gao)壓硅(gui)堆，串接在高(gao)(gao)壓回路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)作半波整流(liu)(liu)，以(yi)獲(huo)得直流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓。當(dang)用一短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)桿將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)壓硅(gui)堆短(duan)(duan)接時，可獲(huo)得工頻高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓，作為交流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)狀態(tai)；取消短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)桿時，作為直流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)狀態(tai)。
試驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)套管(guan)中的高壓(ya)硅堆未畫出(chu)，其原理與上圖相(xiang)同。
三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)獲得(de)更高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)接線原理見(jian)圖4。串級(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很大的(de)優越(yue)性，因為(wei)(wei)整個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)輕(qing)，便(bian)于運輸(shu)和(he)(he)(he)安裝。它既然可(ke)(ke)串接成(cheng)(cheng)高出幾倍的(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使用(yong)，又可(ke)(ke)分(fen)開成(cheng)(cheng)幾套(tao)(tao)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使用(yong)。整套(tao)(tao)裝置投資小(xiao)，經濟實惠。圖5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)的(de)每個(ge)(ge)單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都(dou)有(you)一個(ge)(ge)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和(he)(he)(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)(he)第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)箱體分(fen)別(bie)(bie)處在(zai)對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)1V和(he)(he)(he)2V的(de)高電(dian)(dian)位上(shang)，所以箱體對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)是絕緣的(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)箱體是接地(di)(di)的(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)的(de)額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定容量(liang)(liang)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)做被試(shi)品的工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流(liu)電阻 FRC—阻容分壓(ya)器 RF—球(qiu)間隙保護電阻 G—球(qiu)間隙 CX—被試品
注：高壓尾必須(xu)可(ke)靠接地
工頻耐壓試(shi)驗中限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器的(de)額(e)定容量(liang)來選擇。如高(gao)壓側額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)流在100～300mA時，可(ke)(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)；高(gao)壓側額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)流為1A以(yi)上時，可(ke)(ke)取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)。常用水電(dian)阻(zu)作為限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)，管子長度可(ke)(ke)按(an)150kV/m考慮，管子粗細(xi)應具(ju)有(you)足夠的(de)熱容量(liang)(水阻(zu)液配(pei)制方(fang)法(fa)：用蒸餾水加入(ru)適量(liang)硫酸(suan)銅配(pei)制成各種(zhong)不同的(de)阻(zu)值(zhi))。
球間隙(xi)(xi)及(ji)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻(zu)：當電(dian)壓超過(guo)球間隙(xi)(xi)整(zheng)定值時(一(yi)般取試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間隙(xi)(xi)放電(dian)，對被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品起到(dao)保(bao)護(hu)作(zuo)用(yong)。球間隙(xi)(xi)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻(zu)可按(an)1Ω/V(試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準(zhun)確的(de)，其原因(yin)是由于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)漏抗，在(zai)這個漏抗上(shang)必(bi)(bi)然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或(huo)容(rong)升，使試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)(yu)或(huo)高于(yu)(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反映出(chu)來的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是所謂容(rong)升現象。感(gan)應耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏抗必(bi)(bi)然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準(zhun)確測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)所施加的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此(ci)常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接(jie)入FRC阻(zu)容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操(cao)作注意事項
1）試驗人(ren)員應(ying)做好分工，明(ming)確相互間聯系方法。并有專門人(ren)監護(hu)現場**及觀察(cha)試品狀態。
2）被(bei)試品(pin)應先清掃干(gan)(gan)凈，并**干(gan)(gan)燥，以免損壞被(bei)試品(pin)和試驗(yan)帶來(lai)的誤差。
3）對于(yu)大型試(shi)驗，一般都(dou)應先(xian)進行空升(sheng)(sheng)試(shi)驗。即不接試(shi)品時(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)壓至(zhi)試(shi)驗電壓，校對各種表計(ji)，調整球間(jian)隙。
4）升壓(ya)(ya)速度不(bu)能(neng)太快(kuai)，并必須(xu)防止突(tu)然(ran)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)。例如調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器不(bu)在零(ling)位時(shi)(shi)突(tu)然(ran)合閘。也不(bu)能(neng)突(tu)然(ran)切斷電源，一般(ban)應在調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器降至(zhi)零(ling)位時(shi)(shi)拉閘。
5）當電壓(ya)升至試(shi)驗電壓(ya)時，開始(shi)計(ji)時，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試(shi)驗電壓(ya)以下時，才能拉開電源。
6）在升(sheng)壓或(huo)耐壓試驗過程中，如發現下列不(bu)正常情況時，應立即降壓，切斷電(dian)源。停止試驗并查(cha)明原(yuan)因：①電(dian)壓表指針擺動很大；②發現絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試品內有(you)不(bu)正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試驗前后(hou)應(ying)測量絕緣電阻，檢查絕緣情(qing)況(kuang)。
試驗變壓器在做被試品的直流耐壓或泄露試驗時接線(xian)原理圖如圖6。
注：此試(shi)驗應(ying)先抽出短路桿“D”，圖6中所(suo)示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓硅堆 R1—限流電阻 C1—高(gao)壓濾波電容 FRC—阻容分壓器 CX—被試品(pin) μA—帶保護(hu)微安(an)表
泄露試(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻R1選擇在額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，輸(shu)出端短路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)超過高(gao)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為100mA時用(yong)于60kV的試(shi)驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中(zhong)，限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻按(an)R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻還應具(ju)有(you)足夠的容量和沿面放(fang)電(dian)(dian)距(ju)離(li)。
高壓濾(lv)波電容(rong)C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被(bei)試品的電容(rong)量很大時，C1可(ke)省略不用。
泄露試驗的操作(zuo)及注意(yi)事項
1）試驗(yan)前應(ying)先檢查被(bei)試品(pin)是否(fou)停(ting)電，接地放電，一切對外連(lian)線是否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴防將試驗(yan)電壓加到有人(ren)工作的部位上(shang)去。
2）接(jie)好(hao)試(shi)驗裝置的(de)接(jie)線(xian)后，應(ying)復查無(wu)誤后才可加(jia)壓。應(ying)特別(bie)注意(yi)檢查高壓設備及引線(xian)與地(di)(di)、與操作人員的(de)**距離，被試(shi)品的(de)外殼是否(fou)可靠接(jie)地(di)(di)，要按(an)**規程中所規定的(de)內容進行試(shi)驗。
3）對于(yu)大電容量設備應緩(huan)慢升壓，防止被試(shi)品(pin)的充電電流燒壞微安(an)表(biao)。必要時應分級(ji)(ji)加(jia)壓，分別(bie)讀取各級(ji)(ji)電壓下(xia)微安(an)表(biao)的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)程中(zhong)，應密切監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗(yan)裝置、微安表，一旦發生擊(ji)穿、閃爍等異(yi)常現象應立即降壓，切斷電(dian)源，并(bing)查明原因，詳(xiang)細記錄。
5）試(shi)驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切斷電(dian)源(yuan)后應(ying)將被試(shi)品(pin)及試(shi)驗(yan)裝置本身充分放(fang)電(dian)。
四、WBYD-200KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的試驗(yan)接好工作(zuo)線路(lu)。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的外(wai)殼以(yi)及(ji)操作(zuo)系統的外(wai)殼必須可靠接地(di)。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器高壓(ya)繞組(zu)的X端(高壓(ya)尾(wei))以(yi)及(ji)測量繞組(zu)的F端必須可靠接地(di)。
2、做(zuo)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端，測量(liang)繞組(zu)的(de)F端以及(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端(高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)尾)均接(jie)(jie)本級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)外殼。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)外殼必(bi)須通(tong)過絕緣支架接(jie)(jie)地。
3、接(jie)通(tong)電源(yuan)(yuan)前，操作(zuo)系統(tong)的調壓(ya)器必須(xu)調到零位(wei)后方可接(jie)通(tong)電源(yuan)(yuan)，合閘，開(kai)始升壓(ya)。
4、從零開始均勻旋(xuan)轉調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢(man)速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極慢(man)速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選(xuan)用。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開始按(an)一定(ding)的升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所需(xu)的額(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后(hou)，在(zai)以(yi)每秒2%額(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的速度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所需(xu)的額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切(qie)注意測(ce)量儀表的指(zhi)示以(yi)及(ji)被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)的情況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)中或試(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)程(cheng)中如發(fa)現測(ce)量儀表的指(zhi)示及(ji)被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)情況(kuang)異(yi)常，應立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢后，應(ying)在(zai)數秒(miao)內勻(yun)速的將調壓(ya)器返回至零位，然后切斷電源。
6、本(ben)產(chan)品不(bu)得超過額定參數使用。除試驗必須外，決不(bu)允許全電壓通電或斷電。
7、再升壓或耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過程中(zhong)，如(ru)發現以下不正常情況時(shi)，應立即降壓，切斷電(dian)源，停止試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)并查明原因(yin)。
⑴電壓(ya)表指(zhi)針擺動(dong)(或數(shu)字(zi)跳動(dong))很大
⑵電(dian)流表(biao)直線上升
被試品內有(you)不正常的(de)聲音
8、圖1中(zhong)第9項(xiang)系(xi)壓(ya)力閥(fa)及(ji)壓(ya)力表，為(wei)長期關閉(bi)狀(zhuang)態。每6個(ge)月開閥(fa)一次，以檢查SF6壓(ya)力，應不小(xiao)于0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)力后(hou)立即關閉(bi)閥(fa)門)，低于0.2MPa時應加SF6氣(qi)體，以增加氣(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實(shi)驗前(qian)后應(ying)測量被試設備的(de)絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢查絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當(dang)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器長期不使(shi)用時(shi)，應放置(zhi)于通(tong)風、干燥(zao)、無陽光(guang)直射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不允(yun)許(xu)在高于45℃的溫度(du)下長期存放(fang)、使用、放(fang)氣。
12、運(yun)輸搬運(yun)途中不得重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產品緊固件及壓力閥(fa)、壓力表(biao)不得擅自松動。
14、使用本產(chan)品做(zuo)高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗時，出(chu)熟悉(xi)本說明書外，還必須嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行國家有關標(biao)準(zhun)和操(cao)作(zuo)規程。可參照GB311-83《高(gao)壓(ya)輸變設(she)備(bei)的絕緣配合，高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗技術》；《電氣設(she)備(bei)預防性試(shi)驗規程》等。
五、WBYD-200KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱(cheng)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器容(rong)量Pn的確(que)定公(gong)式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的額定(ding)輸(shu)出高(gao)壓的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓Vn≥1MV時(shi)，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓較低時(shi)，k值可取高(gao)一些。
Ct——被試品的電容(rong)量(pF)
ω——角頻率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率(lv)
被試設備的電(dian)容量Ct可由交流電(dian)橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可(ke)由設備的類型而定。
典型數據如下：
簡單的棒(bang)式或懸式絕緣子 幾(ji)十(shi)微法
簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)分級套管 ; 100～1000pF
電壓互(hu)感器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電(dian)力(li)變(bian)壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力(li)電纜和油浸紙絕(jue)緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(適(shi)當的)**系數k。
以下列出不同的(de)(de)Vn所選用(yong)的(de)(de)k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2