一、WBYD-200KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置概述
YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)《試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器》標準，在油(you)(you)浸式試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)基礎上而(er)設計生產(chan)的(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具有良好(hao)的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)絕緣(yuan)性能及優(you)異的(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)為同一(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下氮氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍，擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下與油(you)(you)的(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)2倍，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)優(you)于油(you)(you)的(de)新一(yi)代(dai)超高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕緣(yuan)介(jie)質材料(liao)。該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)技術(shu)要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)浸式輕型試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)換代(dai)產(chan)品(pin)。該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)具有體積小、重量輕、不(bu)受氣(qi)候(hou)變(bian)化影(ying)響、電(dian)暈小、現場(chang)搬(ban)運無需靜止可使用，使用壽命長、免(mian)維修(xiu)等(deng)特點(dian)。適用于電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統、工礦企業、科研部門等(deng)對各種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)氣(qi)設備、電(dian)氣(qi)元(yuan)件、絕緣(yuan)材料(liao)進行工頻或直流高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)絕緣(yuan)強(qiang)度(du)(du)試驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-200KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)采用單框芯(xin)式鐵(tie)芯(xin)結構(gou)，初級繞(rao)組(zu)繞(rao)在(zai)(zai)鐵(tie)芯(xin)上(shang)，高(gao)壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)在(zai)(zai)外(wai)，這種同軸布置減少了漏磁通，因(yin)而增大了繞(rao)組(zu)間(jian)的耦(ou)合。產(chan)品的外(wai)殼(ke)為(wei)圓(yuan)柱灌式容器(qi)結構(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以上(shang)壓(ya)力。其結構(gou)見(jian)圖(tu)1：
三、WBYD-200KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓器為單相(xiang)變(bian)壓器，聯(lian)結組標(biao)號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)(shang)為380V)電源接入 (為本公司生產的試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓器配套專用設備(bei)，詳細資(zi)料請(qing)見其具體(ti)使用說明書)系(xi)列操作箱(xiang)(臺)，經操作箱(xiang)內自偶調(diao)壓器(50kVA以上(shang)(shang)調(diao)壓器外附)調(diao)節(jie)至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電壓輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓器的初(chu)級繞組，根(gen)據電磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓器高(gao)壓繞組可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗所需的高(gao)電壓。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列高壓試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的工作原(yuan)理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列交(jiao)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器的工作原理(li)圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆，串接在高(gao)壓(ya)回(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)作半波整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)，以獲(huo)得直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)電壓(ya)。當用一短路(lu)桿將高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆短接時(shi)，可(ke)獲(huo)得工頻高(gao)電壓(ya)，作為交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)狀態；取消短路(lu)桿時(shi)，作為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)狀態。
試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)高壓套(tao)管中的高壓硅堆未畫(hua)出，其原(yuan)理與上圖相(xiang)同(tong)。
三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得更(geng)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)線原理見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優越性，因(yin)為整(zheng)個試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾(ji)(ji)(ji)臺(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便于運輸(shu)和(he)安裝。它既然可(ke)串接(jie)成高出(chu)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)倍(bei)的(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)(zu)合(he)使(shi)用，又可(ke)分(fen)(fen)開成幾(ji)(ji)(ji)套單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨(du)使(shi)用。整(zheng)套裝置投資小，經濟實惠。圖(tu)5中，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個單元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有(you)一個勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中，低壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加(jia)在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)V。勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)分(fen)(fen)別處在對(dui)地為1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)位上，所以(yi)箱體(ti)對(dui)地是(shi)(shi)(shi)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)接(jie)地的(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)別為1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定(ding)容量分(fen)(fen)別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器做(zuo)被試(shi)品的工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗使用(yong)接線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限流電阻 FRC—阻容分壓(ya)器(qi) RF—球間隙(xi)保護(hu)電阻 G—球間隙(xi) CX—被試品(pin)
注：高壓尾(wei)必須可(ke)靠接地
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)中限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R1應根據(ju)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)額定容(rong)量(liang)來(lai)選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在100～300mA時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)1A以(yi)上(shang)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)取1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用(yong)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻作為(wei)限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，管(guan)子(zi)長度可(ke)按150kV/m考慮，管(guan)子(zi)粗細應具有足夠的(de)熱容(rong)量(liang)(水阻液配制(zhi)方法：用(yong)蒸餾(liu)水加入適量(liang)硫酸銅配制(zhi)成各種(zhong)不同(tong)的(de)阻值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)及保護(hu)電(dian)阻：當(dang)電(dian)壓超過球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)整定值時(一(yi)般取(qu)試驗電(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)放電(dian)，對被試品起到保護(hu)作用。球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓)選取(qu)。
在(zai)(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中(zhong)，低(di)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表(biao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是(shi)非常準確(que)的，其原(yuan)因是(shi)由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在(zai)(zai)著漏抗(kang)，在(zai)(zai)這個(ge)漏抗(kang)上必(bi)然存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)升，使試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于(yu)或高于(yu)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上反映出(chu)(chu)來的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就(jiu)是(shi)所謂容(rong)升現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的漏抗(kang)必(bi)然存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確(que)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上所施加的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻(zu)容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器來測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作(zuo)注意(yi)事項(xiang)
1）試(shi)驗人(ren)員應做好分工，明確(que)相互間聯系方法。并有專門人(ren)監(jian)護(hu)現場**及(ji)觀察試(shi)品狀(zhuang)態。
2）被試(shi)(shi)品應(ying)先清(qing)掃干凈，并**干燥，以免損壞被試(shi)(shi)品和試(shi)(shi)驗帶來的誤差(cha)。
3）對于(yu)大型試(shi)(shi)驗，一般都應先進行空(kong)升(sheng)試(shi)(shi)驗。即(ji)不接試(shi)(shi)品時升(sheng)壓至試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓，校對各種(zhong)表(biao)計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓速度不能(neng)(neng)太快，并必須(xu)防止突然加壓。例如調壓器不在(zai)零位時(shi)突然合閘(zha)。也不能(neng)(neng)突然切斷電(dian)源(yuan)，一般應在(zai)調壓器降至零位時(shi)拉閘(zha)。
5）當電(dian)壓升至試驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓時(shi)，開(kai)始(shi)計時(shi)，到(dao)1min后(hou)，迅速降壓到(dao)1/3試驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓以下(xia)時(shi)，才(cai)能(neng)拉開(kai)電(dian)源。
6）在(zai)升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過程中，如發(fa)現(xian)下(xia)列不正常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷電源。停止試(shi)驗并查明原因(yin)：①電壓(ya)表指針擺動很大(da)；②發(fa)現(xian)絕緣燒焦或冒煙；③被試(shi)品內有(you)不正常的聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗前后應測量絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻，檢(jian)查絕緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)器在(zai)做被試(shi)品的直流耐壓(ya)或泄露試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時接線(xian)原(yuan)理圖如圖6。
注：此(ci)試驗(yan)應先抽(chou)出短路桿“D”，圖6中所(suo)示(shi)。
圖(tu)中：VD—高壓硅堆 R1—限(xian)流電阻 C1—高壓濾波電容 FRC—阻容分壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保(bao)護微安表
泄露試(shi)驗(yan)中限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選(xuan)擇在(zai)額定輸出電(dian)壓時，輸出端短路(lu)電(dian)流(liu)不超過(guo)高(gao)壓硅堆的*大整(zheng)流(liu)。如電(dian)壓硅堆的*大整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)流(liu)為100mA時用(yong)于(yu)60kV的試(shi)驗(yan)裝置中，限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)擇。限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還應具有足夠的容量(liang)和沿面放電(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一(yi)般選擇(ze)在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的電容(rong)量很大(da)時，C1可(ke)省略不用。
泄露試(shi)驗的(de)操作及(ji)注意事項
1）試(shi)驗前應先檢查被(bei)試(shi)品是否(fou)停電，接地放電，一切對(dui)外(wai)連(lian)線是否(fou)擦干(gan)凈。要嚴防將試(shi)驗電壓加到有人工作的部位上去。
2）接好試(shi)驗裝置的(de)(de)接線后，應復查(cha)無誤后才可(ke)加(jia)壓(ya)。應特別注意檢查(cha)高壓(ya)設備及引線與地、與操(cao)作人員的(de)(de)**距(ju)離，被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼是否可(ke)靠接地，要按(an)**規程中(zhong)所規定的(de)(de)內容進行試(shi)驗。
3）對于(yu)大電(dian)(dian)容量設備應(ying)緩(huan)慢升壓(ya)，防止(zhi)被試品的(de)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流燒(shao)壞微(wei)安表。必(bi)要(yao)時應(ying)分級加壓(ya)，分別讀取各(ge)級電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下微(wei)安表的(de)穩定讀數。
4）試驗(yan)過程中，應(ying)密切監視被試品、試驗(yan)裝置、微安(an)表，一旦發(fa)生擊穿(chuan)、閃爍(shuo)等異常現象應(ying)立即(ji)降壓，切斷電源(yuan)，并查明原(yuan)因(yin)，詳細(xi)記(ji)錄(lu)。
5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電源(yuan)后應將被試品及試驗裝置(zhi)本身(shen)充分放電。
四、WBYD-200KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置注意事項
1、按照您所進行(xing)的(de)(de)試驗(yan)接(jie)(jie)好工作線路(lu)。試驗(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)外殼以及(ji)操作系統的(de)(de)外殼必(bi)須(xu)可靠(kao)接(jie)(jie)地。試驗(yan)變壓器高壓繞組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(高壓尾(wei))以及(ji)測量繞組(zu)的(de)(de)F端必(bi)須(xu)可靠(kao)接(jie)(jie)地。
2、做(zuo)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗時，**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)低壓繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)X端，測量繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)F端以及(ji)高壓繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)X端(高壓尾)均接本(ben)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)外殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)外殼必須通(tong)過絕(jue)緣支架接地。
3、接通(tong)電(dian)源(yuan)前，操作系統(tong)的(de)調壓器必須調到零位后(hou)方可接通(tong)電(dian)源(yuan)，合閘，開始升壓。
4、從(cong)零開(kai)始均勻(yun)旋(xuan)轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即20s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即60s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極(ji)慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零開(kai)始按一(yi)定(ding)的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式(shi)和(he)速(su)度上升(sheng)到您所(suo)需的額定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后，在以每(mei)秒(miao)2%額定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的速(su)度升(sheng)到您所(suo)需的額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切(qie)注意(yi)測(ce)量儀(yi)表的指示以及被試(shi)品(pin)(pin)的情況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)或試(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)如發(fa)現(xian)測(ce)量儀(yi)表的指示及被試(shi)品(pin)(pin)情況(kuang)異常，應立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源(yuan)，查明(ming)情況(kuang)。
5、試驗(yan)完畢后(hou)，應在數秒內(nei)勻(yun)速(su)的將調壓器返回(hui)至(zhi)零(ling)位，然后(hou)切斷電源。
6、本產品不(bu)得超(chao)過額(e)定(ding)參(can)數使用。除(chu)試驗必(bi)須外，決不(bu)允許全電(dian)壓通(tong)電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下不正常(chang)情(qing)況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，停止試驗并(bing)查明原因(yin)。
⑴電壓(ya)表指針擺動(dong)(或數字跳動(dong))很大
⑵電(dian)流表直線上升
被(bei)試品(pin)內有(you)不正(zheng)常的聲音
8、圖1中第9項(xiang)系(xi)壓力閥(fa)及壓力表，為長期關閉狀(zhuang)態。每6個月開(kai)閥(fa)一次，以檢(jian)(jian)查SF6壓力，應不小(xiao)于(yu)0.2MPa(檢(jian)(jian)查壓力后立即關閉閥(fa)門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應加SF6氣(qi)(qi)體，以增(zeng)加氣(qi)(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應(ying)測量被(bei)試設(she)備的絕(jue)緣電阻(zu)，檢(jian)查(cha)絕(jue)緣情況(kuang)。
10、當試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)長(chang)期不使(shi)用時，應放置于(yu)通風、干燥、無(wu)陽光直射(she)的地方。
11、該產品不允許在高于45℃的溫度下長期存放(fang)、使用、放(fang)氣。
12、運(yun)輸(shu)搬運(yun)途中不(bu)得(de)重力沖(chong)擊。
13、產(chan)品(pin)緊(jin)固件及(ji)壓力閥、壓力表不得擅自松動(dong)。
14、使用本產品做(zuo)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)時，出熟悉(xi)本說明書(shu)外(wai)，還必(bi)須嚴格執行國(guo)家有(you)關標(biao)準和操作規程。可參照(zhao)GB311-83《高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)輸變設備的絕緣配合(he)，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)技術》；《電氣設備預防性試驗(yan)規程》等(deng)。
五、WBYD-200KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置容量選擇
標稱(cheng)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器容(rong)量Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器(qi)容量(liang)(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓器的(de)額定輸出高壓的(de)有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)較低時，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率(lv)(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率(lv)(lv)
被試設備的(de)電(dian)容量Ct可由交流(liu)電(dian)橋測出。Ct的(de)變(bian)化(hua)很大，
可(ke)由設備(bei)的類型而定。
典(dian)型數據如下：
簡單的(de)棒式(shi)或懸式(shi)絕緣子 ; 幾十微法
簡單(dan)的分級套管 ; 100～1000pF
電(dian)壓(ya)互感(gan)器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電(dian)力變壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力(li)電纜和油浸紙絕緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣體絕(jue)緣 ～60pF/m
封(feng)閉(bi)變電站，SF6氣體絕緣(yuan) 100～10000Pf;
對(dui)于不同的(de)(de)試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(de)(de)(適當的(de)(de))**系(xi)數k。
以下列出不同的Vn所選用的k值(zhi)供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2