一、WBTQSB-300KVA/100KV高壓試驗變壓器概(gai)述
YDQ系列高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器是根(gen)據《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器》標(biao)準，在油浸式(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的基(ji)礎上而設計生產的。SF6氣體具(ju)有良(liang)好(hao)的電氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)性(xing)能及優異的滅(mie)弧(hu)性(xing)能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)氮(dan)氣的2.5倍(bei)(bei)，擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的空(kong)氣的2.5倍(bei)(bei)。在0.25MPa下(xia)與油的擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)是油的擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的2倍(bei)(bei)，是一種優于油的新一代超高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣(yuan)介質(zhi)材料。該產品技術要(yao)求完(wan)全(quan)符合(he)《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)準，它是油浸式(shi)(shi)輕型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的換代產品。該產品具(ju)有體積小(xiao)、重量輕、不受氣候變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)影響、電暈(yun)小(xiao)、現場搬運無需靜止(zhi)可(ke)使用，使用壽命長、免維修等特(te)點。適用于電力系統、工礦企業、科(ke)研部門等對各(ge)種高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電氣設備、電氣元件、絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料進行工頻(pin)或(huo)直流高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)的絕(jue)緣(yuan)強(qiang)度試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBTQSB-300KVA/100KV高壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓試驗變壓器(qi)(qi)采用單框芯(xin)式鐵芯(xin)結構，初級繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組繞(rao)(rao)(rao)在(zai)鐵芯(xin)上，高(gao)壓繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組在(zai)外，這(zhe)種同軸布置減少了漏磁通，因(yin)而增大了繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組間(jian)的(de)(de)耦合。產品(pin)的(de)(de)外殼為圓柱灌式容器(qi)(qi)結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力(li)。其結構見(jian)圖1：
三、WBTQSB-300KVA/100KV高壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓器(qi)為單相變壓器(qi)，聯結組標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工(gong)頻(pin)220V(10kVA以上(shang)為380V)電源接入 (為本公(gong)司生產(chan)的(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓器(qi)配套(tao)專用(yong)設(she)備，詳細資料請見其具體(ti)使用(yong)說明書)系(xi)列(lie)操作(zuo)箱(臺)，經操作(zuo)箱內自偶調壓器(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)調壓器(qi)外附)調節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電壓輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓器(qi)的(de)初級繞組，根據(ju)電磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓器(qi)高(gao)(gao)壓繞組可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)高(gao)(gao)電壓。
單臺YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的工(gong)作原理圖見圖2。
單(dan)臺(tai)YDQ系列交直流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的工作原(yuan)理圖(tu)見圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管(guan)中(zhong)裝有高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接在高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作半波整(zheng)流(liu)，以獲得直流(liu)高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)。當用(yong)一短路桿(gan)將高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆短接時，可獲得工頻高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)，作為交流(liu)輸出狀態；取消短路桿(gan)時，作為直流(liu)輸出狀態。
試驗變壓器高壓套管(guan)中的高壓硅堆未畫出，其原(yuan)理與上圖相同。
三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)獲得更高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接線原理見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性，因(yin)為(wei)整個試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)、重量輕，便(bian)于運輸(shu)和安裝。它既然可串(chuan)接成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)幾倍(bei)的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使用，又可分(fen)開成(cheng)幾套單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使用。整套裝置投資小(xiao)，經(jing)濟實惠。圖5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)和**級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每個單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有(you)一個勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本(ben)原理中(zhong)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加(jia)在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)(ti)分(fen)別處在(zai)對地(di)為(wei)1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)(ti)對地(di)是(shi)絕緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)(ti)是(shi)接地(di)的(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)、**級(ji)、第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定容量分(fen)別為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器做被試品的工頻耐壓試驗使(shi)用(yong)接線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中(zhong)：R1—限流電阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器(qi) RF—球(qiu)間(jian)隙保護電阻(zu) G—球(qiu)間(jian)隙 CX—被試品
注：高壓尾必須可靠接地
工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗中限流(liu)電阻(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的額(e)定容量(liang)來選擇。如高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定輸出電流(liu)在100～300mA時，可(ke)(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定輸出電流(liu)為1A以上時，可(ke)(ke)取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用水電阻(zu)作為限流(liu)電阻(zu)，管(guan)子(zi)長度可(ke)(ke)按150kV/m考慮(lv)，管(guan)子(zi)粗細應具(ju)有(you)足夠的熱容量(liang)(水阻(zu)液配(pei)制(zhi)方法：用蒸餾水加入適量(liang)硫酸(suan)銅配(pei)制(zhi)成各種(zhong)不同(tong)的阻(zu)值)。
球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)及保(bao)護電阻：當電壓(ya)超(chao)過球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)整定值時(一般取試驗電壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)放電，對被試品(pin)起到保(bao)護作(zuo)用。球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)保(bao)護電阻可按(an)1Ω/V(試驗電壓(ya))選取。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中，低(di)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準確(que)的(de)(de)(de)，其原因(yin)(yin)是由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)漏抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)漏抗(kang)(kang)上必(bi)然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或容升，使試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于(yu)或高(gao)(gao)于(yu)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反(fan)映出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所謂容升現象(xiang)。感(gan)應(ying)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)漏抗(kang)(kang)必(bi)然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為了準確(que)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上所施加的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)(yin)此常在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)來(lai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見(jian)圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試(shi)驗人(ren)(ren)員應做好分(fen)工，明確相互間聯系方法。并有(you)專門人(ren)(ren)監護現場**及觀(guan)察(cha)試(shi)品狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
2）被(bei)試(shi)品應(ying)先清掃干(gan)凈，并**干(gan)燥，以(yi)免(mian)損壞被(bei)試(shi)品和試(shi)驗帶來的(de)誤差。
3）對(dui)于(yu)大型試驗(yan)(yan)，一(yi)般都應先(xian)進行空升試驗(yan)(yan)。即不接(jie)試品時升壓(ya)至試驗(yan)(yan)電壓(ya)，校對(dui)各種表計，調整(zheng)球間(jian)隙。
4）升壓速(su)度不能太快，并必須(xu)防止突然加壓。例如調壓器不在(zai)(zai)零(ling)位(wei)時(shi)(shi)突然合(he)閘。也不能突然切(qie)斷(duan)電源，一般(ban)應在(zai)(zai)調壓器降至零(ling)位(wei)時(shi)(shi)拉閘。
5）當電壓(ya)升至試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)時，開始(shi)計時，到(dao)1min后(hou)，迅速降(jiang)壓(ya)到(dao)1/3試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)以下時，才能(neng)拉開電源。
6）在(zai)升壓或(huo)耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗過程中，如發現下(xia)列不(bu)正常(chang)情況時，應立即降壓，切斷電源。停(ting)止試(shi)(shi)驗并查明原因：①電壓表指針擺動很(hen)大；②發現絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試(shi)(shi)品內有不(bu)正常(chang)的(de)聲音。
7）耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)前后應測(ce)量絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)，檢查絕緣情(qing)況。
試驗變壓器在做被試品(pin)的直流耐壓或泄(xie)露試驗時接線(xian)原(yuan)理圖如(ru)圖6。
注：此試驗應先抽出(chu)短路(lu)桿(gan)“D”，圖6中所(suo)示(shi)。
圖中：VD—高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆 R1—限流電阻(zu) C1—高壓(ya)(ya)濾波電容 FRC—阻(zu)容分壓(ya)(ya)器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保護(hu)微安表
泄露試驗中(zhong)限(xian)(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻R1選擇在(zai)額(e)定輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，輸(shu)(shu)出端(duan)短路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超過高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆的(de)*大整(zheng)流(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅堆的(de)*大整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為100mA時(shi)用于60kV的(de)試驗裝(zhuang)置中(zhong)，限(xian)(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限(xian)(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻還應具(ju)有(you)足夠的(de)容量和沿面放電(dian)(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當(dang)被(bei)試品的(de)電容量很大時，C1可省略不用。
泄露試驗的(de)操作及注意事項
1）試(shi)驗(yan)前(qian)應(ying)先檢查(cha)被試(shi)品(pin)是(shi)否停電，接地放電，一切對外連線(xian)是(shi)否擦干凈。要嚴防將(jiang)試(shi)驗(yan)電壓加到有(you)人工作的部位上去。
2）接好試驗(yan)裝置的(de)(de)接線(xian)(xian)后(hou)，應復查(cha)無誤后(hou)才可加壓(ya)(ya)。應特別注(zhu)意(yi)檢查(cha)高壓(ya)(ya)設備(bei)及引線(xian)(xian)與(yu)地、與(yu)操作人員的(de)(de)**距離，被試品的(de)(de)外殼是(shi)否可靠(kao)接地，要按**規程中所規定的(de)(de)內容進行試驗(yan)。
3）對于大電(dian)容(rong)量設備應(ying)緩(huan)慢(man)升壓，防止被試品的充電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞微安表。必(bi)要時(shi)應(ying)分級(ji)加壓，分別讀(du)取(qu)各級(ji)電(dian)壓下微安表的穩定(ding)讀(du)數(shu)。
4）試驗過程中，應密切(qie)監視被試品、試驗裝(zhuang)置、微安表，一旦(dan)發生擊穿(chuan)、閃爍等異常現象應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，并查明原(yuan)因，詳細記錄。
5）試驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切斷電(dian)源后應將被試品及試驗(yan)裝置(zhi)本身充分放電(dian)。
四、WBTQSB-300KVA/100KV高壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照(zhao)您所進(jin)行的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)接(jie)好工(gong)作(zuo)線路。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)外(wai)殼(ke)以(yi)及(ji)操作(zuo)系統(tong)的(de)外(wai)殼(ke)必須可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)繞(rao)組的(de)X端(高(gao)壓(ya)尾)以(yi)及(ji)測量繞(rao)組的(de)F端必須可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)低壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)X端，測量繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)F端以及(ji)高壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)X端(高壓(ya)尾)均接本級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)外殼(ke)(ke)。**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)外殼(ke)(ke)必須(xu)通過絕緣支架(jia)接地。
3、接通(tong)(tong)電源前，操(cao)作系統的調(diao)壓器必須調(diao)到(dao)零位后方可接通(tong)(tong)電源，合閘，開(kai)始(shi)升(sheng)壓。
4、從零開始均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)；極(ji)慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)供(gong)選(xuan)用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)從零開始按(an)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方式(shi)和速(su)度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后，在以每秒2%額(e)(e)定試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，并密切(qie)注意測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)指示以及(ji)(ji)被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)程中(zhong)或試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗過(guo)程中(zhong)如發現測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)指示及(ji)(ji)被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品情(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)異常，應立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，查明情(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢后，應在數秒內勻速的(de)將調(diao)壓器(qi)返回至零位(wei)，然(ran)后切斷電源(yuan)。
6、本產品不(bu)得超過額定參(can)數(shu)使用(yong)。除試驗必須外，決不(bu)允許全電壓通電或斷電。
7、再升壓(ya)(ya)或耐壓(ya)(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下(xia)不正常情況時，應立即(ji)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，停止試驗并(bing)查明原(yuan)因。
⑴電壓表指針擺動(dong)(dong)(或(huo)數字跳動(dong)(dong))很大
⑵電(dian)流表直線上升
被試品內有不正常的聲音
8、圖1中第9項系壓(ya)力(li)(li)閥及(ji)壓(ya)力(li)(li)表(biao)，為長期關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)狀態。每6個月開閥一次，以(yi)(yi)檢(jian)查SF6壓(ya)力(li)(li)，應(ying)不小(xiao)于(yu)0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓(ya)力(li)(li)后立即關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應(ying)加SF6氣體(ti)，以(yi)(yi)增加氣絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應測量(liang)被試(shi)設備的(de)絕緣電阻，檢查(cha)絕緣情況。
10、當試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器長期不使用(yong)時，應放置于通(tong)風、干(gan)燥、無陽光直射的地方。
11、該產品不允許在(zai)高于45℃的溫(wen)度下長期存放、使用、放氣(qi)。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產(chan)品緊(jin)固件(jian)及壓(ya)力閥、壓(ya)力表不得擅(shan)自松動。
14、使(shi)用本產品(pin)做高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓試驗時，出(chu)熟悉(xi)本說明(ming)書外，還必須嚴格執行國家(jia)有關標準和操作(zuo)規(gui)程。可參(can)照GB311-83《高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓輸(shu)變設備的絕緣配合，高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓試驗技術》；《電(dian)氣(qi)設備預防性試驗規(gui)程》等。
五、WBTQSB-300KVA/100KV高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)容量(liang)Pn的確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中(zhong)：
Pn——標稱試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變壓器的額(e)定(ding)輸出(chu)高(gao)壓的有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標稱電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電壓較(jiao)低時，k值可取高一些(xie)。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角(jiao)頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率
被(bei)試設(she)備的(de)電容量Ct可由交(jiao)流電橋測出。Ct的(de)變化(hua)很大(da)，
可(ke)由設(she)備的類型(xing)而定。
典(dian)型數(shu)據如下：
簡單的棒式或懸式絕(jue)緣(yuan)子 幾十(shi)微法
簡單(dan)的分(fen)級套(tao)管 ; 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓(ya)電力(li)電纜和油浸紙絕緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣(qi)體絕緣 ; ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣(qi)體(ti)絕(jue)緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的試驗電壓Vn，選(xuan)擇不同的(適當的)**系數k。
以下列(lie)出不(bu)同的Vn所選(xuan)用(yong)的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2